Rectal Cancer

Expert Rectal Cancer Care, Close to Home

The rectum and colon are parts of the body’s digestive system. Together, with the anal canal and anus, they form a long, muscular tube called the large intestine. The colon makes up the first six feet of the large intestine, and the rectum and anal form the last several inches. Cancers of the colon and rectum are often referred to jointly as “colorectal cancer”; however, their treatments differ greatly.  

At Texas Oncology, our rectal cancer program lies at the heart of our commitment to delivering advanced cancer care. Our doctors specialize in diagnosing and treating rectal cancer, bringing their skills and expertise to each case. What sets Texas Oncology apart is our collaborative, patient-centered approach. With more than 550 physicians across the state, our patients receive world-class care close to home.  

When you seek care with us, you can expect a personalized care plan, a dedicated team alongside you, and the latest advancements in cancer treatment, all designed to support you.  

Rectal Cancer Diagnosis at Texas Oncology

Texas Oncology specialists are equipped to diagnose rectal cancer and may use the following tests:

Computed tomography (CT) scan  

A CT scan provides detailed images of body tissues and organs to determine the extent and spread of the rectal cancer.  

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

This medical imaging test uses a small amount of radioactive tracer — typically a glucose-like substance — to highlight areas of increased metabolic activity in the body. Because cancer cells consume more glucose than normal cells, they absorb more of the tracer and appear brighter on the scan. This makes PET scan useful for detecting rectal cancer and assessing whether it has spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs.  

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)  

MRI is an imaging test that uses radio waves to create detailed images of rectal tumors.  

Colonoscopy  

During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the body, allowing physicians to examine the internal lining of the colon or rectum before surgery. The physician can collect samples of suspicious tissues for examination under a microscope.  

Endorectal ultrasound (EUS)

This test involves the use of a special probe, which is inserted into the rectum to help determine the thickness of the cancer. By determining the thickness, providers can determine the stage of rectal cancer.  

Treatments for Rectal Cancer  

Rectal cancer treatment is not one size fits all. That is why we personalize your treatment plan based on factors like age, medical history, general health, and treatment goals. Treatment for rectal cancer may involve the following:  

Radiation therapy  

Using high-energy rays, this treatment damages or kills cancer cells to prevent them from growing or dividing.  

Chemotherapy  

Chemotherapy are medications administered through an IV and delivered to the entire body to shrink and kill cancer cells.

Surgery  

Surgery for rectal cancer typically involves removing the cancerous portion of the rectum along with nearby diseased tissue and lymph nodes to help prevent the spread of cancer.  

Targeted therapy drugs  

Targeted therapy drugs target specific proteins within cancer cells to prevent them from growing. These drugs can be used to treat advanced rectal cancers.