Overview
Expert Multiple Myeloma Care, Close to Home
Multiple myeloma occurs when a normal blood cell in your bone marrow, called a plasma cell, becomes cancerous and multiplies. The new cancerous plasma cells divide quickly and produce abnormal protein(s) that can be measured in the blood. As a result of the increased plasma cells in the bone marrow and protein in the blood, patients can develop kidney failure, elevated levels of calcium, low red blood cells (anemia), and holes in the bone called lytic lesions. At Texas Oncology, we have oncologists with expertise in diagnosing and treating this condition with the most up-to-date therapies available.
Diagnosis
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis at Texas Oncology
Texas Oncology specialists are equipped to diagnose multiple myeloma and may use the following tests:
Complete blood count (CBC)
CBC measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It can reveal whether a patient is anemic and other changes that may be indicative of multiple myeloma.
Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy
This medical procedure involves extracting and examining a small sample of both liquid and bone marrow from the hip bone using a needle. The collected cell samples are examined under a microscope, so that doctors can determine how many abnormal plasma cells are present and whether there are any chromosomal quirks that might affect treatment.
Kidney function tests
Since myeloma can affect the kidneys, a kidney function test may be performed to see if your body’s filtration system is running smoothly.
Blood calcium tests
Myeloma can impact bone health, so a blood draw may be needed to measure calcium levels and monitor for hypercalcemia, a condition characterized by an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.
Beta-2 microglobulin measurement
In multiple myeloma, beta-2 microglobulin — a protein found on the surface of many cells — levels can become elevated. A simple blood draw is performed to analyze the levels of beta-2 microglobulin and provide more info about tumor activity.
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP)
A blood sample is taken to measure the amount and type of abnormal myeloma protein in the blood.
Urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP)
A urine sample is collected to measure the amount and type of abnormal myeloma protein in the urine.
Skeletal survey
A series of X-rays are taken to detect bone damage or lesions caused by myeloma.
PET/CT scan
A special type of scan that evaluates for evidence of lesions in the bones that are growing and typical of myeloma.
Treatment
Treatments for Multiple Myeloma
Treatments for Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma treatment differs from patient to patient. That is why we personalize your treatment plan based on factors like age, medical history, general health, and treatment goals. Treatment for multiple myeloma may involve the following:
Stem cell transplantation
This treatment involves collecting and storing the patient’s healthy stem cells, administering high-dose chemotherapy to eliminate cancerous cells, and then reinfusing the stored stem cells to restore the bone marrow.
Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs)
These drugs, which are given in pill form, regulate the immune system and affect blood supply to myeloma cells, leading to their death. It is used in almost all patients with initial treatment in combination with other drugs, and also by itself as maintenance to keep the cancer away once it is under control. Examples include lenalidomide and pomalidomide.
Proteasome inhibitors
These medications target the machinery inside cells that break down proteins, causing cancer cells to die. Velcade® and Kyprolis® are common examples that stop myeloma cells from growing and are often used with other treatments.
Monoclonal antibodies
Monoclonal antibodies find and attack specific targets on myeloma cells. Darzalex®, for example, targets a specific marker on cancer cells called CD38, and is commonly used in both initial treatment as well as in patients who relapse.
Find Care
Why Choose Texas Oncology
Our team of hematologists and oncologists is dedicated to your health and well-being. When you come to us for care, you will find:
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Customized care planning
Your diagnosis is only part of the picture. We listen to your concerns, honor your choices, and build a care experience that reflects your goals.
