Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Diagnosing Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Texas Oncology specialists are equipped to diagnose myelodysplastic syndrome and may use the following tests:

Routine physical examination

Physical exams allow physicians to detect potential MDS signs and symptoms early like fatigue and shortness of breath.  

Complete blood count (CBC)

CBC measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It can reveal abnormally low blood cell count and other changes that may be indicative of MDS.  

Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy

This medical procedure involves extracting and examining a small sample of both liquid and bone marrow from the hip bone using a needle. The collected cell samples are examined under a microscope to assess the number, size, and maturity of blood cells and bone marrow structure.  

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)  

This technique allows scientists to look at the DNA inside our cells. They mark the DNA with a special dye, so they can be seen under a microscope.  

Immunocytochemistry  

This method uses antibodies, which are tiny detectives that search for invaders, to find specific proteins (antigens) in cells. These proteins help doctors distinguish between myelodysplastic syndromes, leukemia, and other health conditions.  

Immunophenotyping  

This technique helps identify different types of cells by looking for unique markers on the surface of the cells. It is like checking the ID badges of cells to see what they are.  

Flow cytometry  

This process looks at how many cells are in a sample and checks things like their size, shape, and whether they have any signs of tumors on their surface.  

Treatments for Myelodysplastic Syndrome

MDS treatment looks different for each person. That is why we personalize your treatment plan based on factors like age, medical history, general health, and treatment goals. Treatment for MDS may involve the following:  

Drug therapy  

Medications like azacitidine or decitabine may be prescribed to slow the progression of the disease and improve blood counts. They work by targeting abnormal cells in the bone marrow.  

Stem cell transplant  

This treatment involves replacing diseased blood-forming cells with healthy stem cells from a donor.  

Supportive care

Blood and platelet transfusions are common supportive care measures for MDS patients. These transfusions help manage symptoms associated with anemia and low platelet count, such as fatigue and bleeding. Other supportive care measures may include antibiotics and iron chelation therapy.  

Clinical trials  

Clinical trials for MDS patients may be available. Consult with your provider to learn more.  

Personalized attention
With our care team, you receive an individualized evaluation and care plan. We are with you and your loved ones at every step, from diagnosis to treatment and beyond.

Experts close to home
We make it as easy as possible to access the care you need. With locations across the state, you are likely to find a provider near where you live and work.

Expert Myelodysplastic Syndrome Care, Close to Home

In myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the bone marrow produces immature cells that do not fully develop into mature blood cells. As a result, a patient with MDS will have fewer mature blood cells, and the cells produced may not function properly. At Texas Oncology, we are here to provide trusted expertise, advanced treatments, and individualized care to help you navigate MDS.  

What sets Texas Oncology apart is our collaborative, patient-centered approach. We offer access to a variety of treatments — from stem cell transplants to drug therapies. With more than 550 physicians across the state, our patients receive world-class care close to home.

When you seek care with us, you can expect a personalized care plan, a dedicated team alongside you, and the latest advancements in cancer treatment, all designed to support you.  

Diagnosing Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Texas Oncology specialists are equipped to diagnose myelodysplastic syndrome and may use the following tests:

Routine physical examination

Physical exams allow physicians to detect potential MDS signs and symptoms early like fatigue and shortness of breath.  

Complete blood count (CBC)

CBC measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It can reveal abnormally low blood cell count and other changes that may be indicative of MDS.  

Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy

This medical procedure involves extracting and examining a small sample of both liquid and bone marrow from the hip bone using a needle. The collected cell samples are examined under a microscope to assess the number, size, and maturity of blood cells and bone marrow structure.  

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)  

This technique allows scientists to look at the DNA inside our cells. They mark the DNA with a special dye, so they can be seen under a microscope.  

Immunocytochemistry  

This method uses antibodies, which are tiny detectives that search for invaders, to find specific proteins (antigens) in cells. These proteins help doctors distinguish between myelodysplastic syndromes, leukemia, and other health conditions.  

Immunophenotyping  

This technique helps identify different types of cells by looking for unique markers on the surface of the cells. It is like checking the ID badges of cells to see what they are.  

Flow cytometry  

This process looks at how many cells are in a sample and checks things like their size, shape, and whether they have any signs of tumors on their surface.  

Treatments for Myelodysplastic Syndrome

MDS treatment looks different for each person. That is why we personalize your treatment plan based on factors like age, medical history, general health, and treatment goals. Treatment for MDS may involve the following:  

Drug therapy  

Medications like azacitidine or decitabine may be prescribed to slow the progression of the disease and improve blood counts. They work by targeting abnormal cells in the bone marrow.  

Stem cell transplant  

This treatment involves replacing diseased blood-forming cells with healthy stem cells from a donor.  

Supportive care

Blood and platelet transfusions are common supportive care measures for MDS patients. These transfusions help manage symptoms associated with anemia and low platelet count, such as fatigue and bleeding. Other supportive care measures may include antibiotics and iron chelation therapy.  

Clinical trials  

Clinical trials for MDS patients may be available. Consult with your provider to learn more.  

Specialized expertise
Our hematologists and medical oncologists bring their skills and extensive knowledge of blood diseases and disorders to each case.

Personalized attention
With our care team, you receive an individualized evaluation and care plan. We are with you and your loved ones at every step, from diagnosis to treatment and beyond.

Experts close to home
We make it as easy as possible to access the care you need. With locations across the state, you are likely to find a provider near where you live and work.